cohen number theory

The discrete logarithm problem based on elliptic and hyperelliptic curves has gained a lot of popularity as a cryptographic primitive. The main reason is that no subexponential algorithm for computing discrete logarithms on small genus curves is currently available, except in very special cases. Therefore curve-based cryptosystems require much smaller key sizes than RSA to attain the same security level. This makes them particularly attractive for implementations on memory-restricted devices like smart cards and in high-security applications.

The Handbook of Elliptic and Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography introduces the theory and algorithms involved in curve-based cryptography. After a very detailed exposition of the mathematical background, it provides ready-to-implement algorithms for the group operations and computation of pairings. It explores methods for point counting and constructing curves with the complex multiplication method and provides the algorithms in an explicit manner. It also surveys generic methods to compute discrete logarithms and details index calculus methods for hyperelliptic curves. For some special curves the discrete logarithm problem can be transferred to an easier one; the consequences are explained and suggestions for good choices are given. The authors present applications to protocols for discrete-logarithm-based systems (including bilinear structures) and explain the use of elliptic and hyperelliptic curves in factorization and primality proving. Two chapters explore their design and efficient implementations in smart cards. Practical and theoretical aspects of side-channel attacks and countermeasures and a chapter devoted to (pseudo-)random number generation round off the exposition.

The broad coverage of all- important areas makes this book a complete handbook of elliptic and hyperelliptic curve cryptography and an invaluable reference to anyone interested in this exciting field.

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This volume aims to disseminate a number of new ideas that have emerged in the last few years in the field of numerical simulation, all bearing the common denominator of the “multiscale” or “multilevel” paradigm. This covers the presence of multiple relevant “scales” in a physical phenomenon; the detection and representation of “structures”, localized in space or in frequency, in the solution of a mathematical model; the decomposition of a function into “details” that can be organized and accessed in decreasing order of importance; and the iterative solution of systems of linear algebraic equations using “multilevel” decompositions of finite dimensional spaces.

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This volume introduces an entirely new pseudodifferential analysis on the line, the opposition of which to the usual (Weyl-type) analysis can be said to reflect that, in representation theory, between the representations from the discrete and from the (full, non-unitary) series, or that between modular forms of the holomorphic and substitute for the usual Moyal-type brackets. This pseudodifferential analysis relies on the one-dimensional case of the recently introduced anaplectic representation and analysis, a competitor of the metaplectic representation and usual analysis.

Besides researchers and graduate students interested in pseudodifferential analysis and in modular forms, the book may also appeal to analysts and physicists, for its concepts making possible the transformation of creation-annihilation operators into automorphisms, simultaneously changing the usual scalar product into an indefinite but still non-degenerate one.

This volume is the proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Applied Algebra, Algebraic Algorithms and Error-Correcting Codes (AAECC 10),held in Puerto Rico, May 1993. The aim of the AAECC meetings is to attract high-level research papers and to encourage cross-fertilization among different areas which share the use of algebraic methods and techniques for applications in the sciences of computing, communications, and engineering. The AAECC symposia are mainly devoted to research in coding theory and computer algebra. The theoryof error-correcting codes deals with the transmission of information in the presence of noise. Coding is the systematic use of redundancy in theformation of the messages to be sent so as to enable the recovery of the information present originally after it has been corrupted by (not too much)noise. Computer algebra is devoted to the investigation of algorithms, computational methods, software systems and computer languages, oriented to scientific computations performed on exact and often symbolic data, by manipulating formal expressions by means of the algebraic rules they satisfy. Questions of complexity and cryptography are naturally linked with both coding theory and computer algebra and represent an important share of the area covered by AAECC.
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A gentle introduction to the highly sophisticated world of discrete mathematics, Mathematical Problems and Proofs presents topics ranging from elementary definitions and theorems to advanced topics — such as cardinal numbers, generating functions, properties of Fibonacci numbers, and Euclidean algorithm. This excellent primer illustrates more than 150 solutions and proofs, thoroughly explained in clear language. The generous historical references and anecdotes interspersed throughout the text create interesting intermissions that will fuel readers’ eagerness to inquire further about the topics and some of our greatest mathematicians. The author guides readers through the process of solving enigmatic proofs and problems, and assists them in making the transition from problem solving to theorem proving.
At once a requisite text and an enjoyable read, Mathematical Problems and Proofs is an excellent entrée to discrete mathematics for advanced students interested in mathematics, engineering, and science.
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Best review for Advanced Number Theory (Dover Books on Mathematics)

Algorithmic Number Theory provides a thorough introduction to the design and analysis of algorithms for problems from the theory of numbers. Although not an elementary textbook, it includes over 300 exercises with suggested solutions. Every theorem not proved in the text or left as an exercise has a reference in the notes section that appears at the end of each chapter. The bibliography contains over 1,750 citations to the literature. Finally, it successfully blends computational theory with practice by covering some of the practical aspects of algorithm implementations.The subject of algorithmic number theory represents the marriage of number theory with the theory of computational complexity. It may be briefly defined as finding integer solutions to equations, or proving their non-existence, making efficient use of resources such as time and space. Implicit in this definition is the question of how to efficiently represent the objects in question on a computer. The problems of algorithmic number theory are important both for their intrinsic mathematical interest and their application to random number generation, codes for reliable and secure information transmission, computer algebra, and other areas.Publisher’s Note: Volume 2 was not written. Volume 1 is, therefore, a stand-alone publication.

Best review for Algorithmic Number Theory, Vol. 1: Efficient Algorithms (Foundations of Computing)

Global class field theory is a major achievement of algebraic number theory based on the functorial properties of the reciprocity map and the existence theorem. This book explores the consequences and the practical use of these results in detailed studies and illustrations of classical subjects. In the corrected second printing 2005, the author improves many details all through the book.

Best review for Class Field Theory: From Theory to Practice (Springer Monographs in Mathematics)

with the cooperation of Robert V. D. CampbellThis collection of technical essays and reminiscences is a companion volume to I. Bernard Cohen’s biography, Howard Aiken: Portrait of a Computer Pioneer. After an overview by Cohen, Part I presents the first complete publication of Aiken’s 1937 proposal for an automatic calculating machine, which was later realized as the Mark I, as well as recollections of Aiken’s first two machines by the chief engineer in charge of construction of Mark II, Robert Campbell, and the principal programmer of Mark I, Richard Bloch. Henry Tropp describes Aiken’s hostility to the exclusive use of binary numbers in computational systems and his alternative approach.Part II contains essays on Aiken’s administrative and teaching styles by former students Frederick Brooks and Peter Calingaert and an essay by Gregory Welch on the difficulties Aiken faced in establishing a computer science program at Harvard. Part III contains recollections by people who worked or studied with Aiken, including Richard Bloch, Grace Hopper, Anthony Oettinger, and Maurice Wilkes. Henry Tropp provides excerpts from an interview conducted just before Aiken’s death. Part IV gathers the most significant of Aiken’s own writings. The appendixes give the specs of Aiken’s machines and list his doctoral students and the topics of their dissertations.

Best review for Makin’ Numbers: Howard Aiken and the Computer (History of Computing)